How many bends are typically required for a saddle to cross a single pipe?

To understand why three bends are typically required for a saddle to cross a single pipe, it’s important to consider the geometry and the purpose of the saddle itself. A saddle fitting serves to redirect piping to avoid obstructions, maintain flow efficiency, and ensure structural integrity.

When a saddle is installed to cross over a pipe, the design involves creating a path that allows for a smooth transition over the top of the pipe. This is generally achieved with three bends: one bend that elevates the saddle above the pipe, a second bend that changes direction to allow the saddle to approach the pipe, and a third bend that completes the transition back down to the original elevation level of the piping being crossed.

This configuration prevents stress concentrations and allows for natural fluid flow without abrupt changes in direction that could lead to turbulence or pressure loss. In contrast, fewer bends might not achieve the necessary height or proper alignment, while more than three could lead to unnecessary complexity and potential issues in the piping system.

Therefore, three bends are ideal for achieving the desired cross-sectional profile and ensuring functionality when a saddle is installed over a single pipe.